The history and breakout style of tropicália

Tropicália was a revolution. After a successful coup in 1964 by General Humberto Alencar Castello Branco, Brazil became oppressively traditionalist. A nationalist style of music developed, called Música popular brasileira, or MPB, which drew upon samba and regional Brazilian music. MPB was a direct response to the growing popularity of Bossa nova, another attempt at a national Brazilian genre, but MPB had the direct support of the government through sponsored televised performances. MPB exploded into popularity in 1965 with Elis Regina's performance of the Brazilian standard "Arrastão" on Festival de Música Popular Brasileira. Tropicália developed as a rejection of this stagnant, old fashioned music.